Gionta had returned to the lineup Saturday against Tampa Bay after an 11-game absence.
The Canadiens captain, who will be 33 on Jan. 18, has eight goals and seven assists in 30 games this season.
A model of durability through most of his career, Gionta played all 82 regular season and seven playoff games last season.
He joins Andrei Markov and Ryan White – neither of whom has played a game this season – on the Canadiens’ Injured Reserve list.
